What type of neurons carry information away from the central nervous system (CNS) to effectors?

Efferent neurons are specifically responsible for transmitting information away from the central nervous system (CNS) to effectors, such as muscles and glands. This role is essential for carrying out responses based on sensory input processed by the CNS. When an organism needs to react to stimuli, efferent neurons take the decision made in the CNS and facilitate the corresponding action, whether it is the contraction of a muscle or the secretion of a hormone from a gland.

In contrast, afferent neurons carry sensory information from the body to the CNS, allowing the brain to receive and interpret information about the environment. Sensory neurons are a subset of afferent neurons that specifically transmit sensory signals. Interneurons, on the other hand, serve as connectors or relay points within the CNS, processing information and facilitating communication between afferent and efferent neurons. This organization enables a coordinated response to stimuli, but it is the efferent neurons that are directly responsible for delivering the final outputs to effectors.