What is the optimal pH of blood?

The optimal pH of blood is approximately 7.4. This slightly alkaline pH is crucial for maintaining various physiological processes and ensuring proper function of enzymes and biochemical reactions. Blood pH is tightly regulated by the body's buffering systems, primarily through bicarbonate ions, proteins, and hemoglobin, which help manage fluctuations caused by metabolic activities or respiration.

Deviating from this narrow pH range can have significant consequences. For instance, if blood becomes too acidic (lower than 7.35), a condition known as acidosis can occur, impairing cellular function and potentially leading to serious health issues. Conversely, if the pH rises above 7.45, it results in alkalosis, which can also disrupt normal physiological activities.

This regulation is vital for maintaining homeostasis, which is the body's ability to maintain stable internal conditions despite changes in the external environment.