What characterizes monotrichous bacteria?

Monotrichous bacteria are characterized by having a single flagellum located at one end of the bacterial cell. This structural feature is significant because it provides a mechanism for movement, allowing the bacterium to swim in a directional manner. The presence of a single flagellum can be advantageous for certain motility patterns and can enhance the ability of these bacteria to navigate their environment effectively.

In contrast to other arrangements, such as lophotrichous bacteria, which have multiple flagella clustered on one end, or amphitrichous bacteria, which have flagella at both ends, monotrichous bacteria exhibit a simpler but still effective method of locomotion with their singular flagellar structure. This unique characteristic of having one flagellum at one pole distinguishes them from other bacterial types that may exhibit multiple flagella or entirely lack flagella.