GLUT 2 and GLUT 4 are types of what?

GLUT 2 and GLUT 4 are both types of glucose transporters, which are integral membrane proteins that facilitate the transport of glucose across the plasma membrane of cells.

GLUT 2 is primarily found in the liver and pancreatic β-cells and plays a crucial role in glucose sensing and regulation of blood sugar levels. It allows for the uptake of glucose into these cells in response to high blood glucose levels, thus playing a significant role in maintaining glucose homeostasis.

On the other hand, GLUT 4 is mainly located in adipose tissue and muscle cells. It is unique because its activity is influenced by insulin. When insulin is released in response to elevated blood glucose, it stimulates the translocation of GLUT 4 from intracellular vesicles to the cell membrane. This process increases the uptake of glucose by these tissues, effectively lowering blood sugar levels.

Understanding the roles of GLUT 2 and GLUT 4 as glucose transporters helps clarify their functions in metabolic pathways and glucose homeostasis.